Basic Syntax

# Variables and types
x = 10
y = 3.14
name = "Julia"

# Functions
function add(x, y)
    return x + y
end

# Short form
square(x) = x^2

# Multiple dispatch
f(x::Int) = "Integer"
f(x::Float64) = "Float"
f(x::String) = "String"

# Arrays
arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
matrix = [1 2 3; 4 5 6]

# Broadcasting
arr .+ 10  # Add 10 to each element
sqrt.(arr)  # Square root of each

Key Features

Data Science

using DataFrames, Plots

# DataFrames
df = DataFrame(
    name = ["Alice", "Bob", "Charlie"],
    age = [25, 30, 35],
    score = [85, 92, 78]
)

# Plotting
x = 1:0.1:10
y = sin.(x)
plot(x, y, label="sin(x)")

# Linear algebra
A = [1 2; 3 4]
b = [5; 6]
x = A \ b  # Solve Ax = b

Best Practices

• Write type-stable code for performance
• Use broadcasting with . operator
• Leverage multiple dispatch
• Use @time macro to benchmark code